Agar hum sirf kahan rehta hai yeh jaante (grassland), toh bhi nahi pata hota ki kaise survive karta hai — kya khata hai, kab shikar karta hai, use kaun khata hai. Do species ek hi habitat share kar sakti hain lekin unke niches alag ho sakte hain, aur yahi woh tareeqa hai jisse woh ek doosre ko khatam hone se bachati hain. Isliye hume dono words ki zaroorat hai.
Yahi resource partitioning ko force karta hai — species niche ko baant leti hain (alag waqt, alag unchaiyon par, ya alag size ke shikar par khana khati hain) taaki unke realized niches overlap karna band kar dein.
physical place / address jahan woh rehta aur reproduce karta hai
Ecological niche organism ka woh hai
total functional role — uske saare interactions aur resource use
Do species ek habitat share kar sakti hain lekin ek
poori ecological niche (indefinitely) nahi
Fundamental niche woh hai
conditions ki poori range jo species use kar sakti thi bina competitors/predators ke
Realized niche woh hai
woh actual range jo competition aur predation ke restrict karne ke baad occupy ki jaati hai
Realized aur fundamental niche ka relationship
realized ⊆ fundamental (hamesha barabar ya chhota)
Competitive exclusion principle kehta hai
koi bhi do species ek hi niche ek hi jagah indefinitely occupy nahi kar saktiN
Coexistence ke liye niche ko split karna kehlata hai
resource partitioning
Hutchinson ne niche ko describe kiya ek
n-dimensional hypervolume ki tarah
Apni niche mein earthworm ka trophic role
detritivore jo nutrients recycle karta hai aur mitti ko aerate karta hai
Recall Feynman: 12 saal ke bachche ko samjhao
Habitat bilkul teri ghar ki address jaisa hai — sirf kahan rehte ho. Niche teri poori job aur daily routine jaisi hai: kya khate ho, kab uthte ho, kiske saath kaam karte ho, kaunsa temperature pasand hai. Bahut saare log ek hi gali mein reh sakte hain (same habitat), lekin agar do logon ki bilkul same job same jagah hoti, toh ek eventually doosre ko bahar dhakelta. Isliye ek ghar share karne wale janwar hamesha thodi alag alag jobs karte hain taaki sab saath reh sakein.
