Chemistry in Everyday Life (compressed)
Time Limit: 20 minutes Total Marks: 30
Section A — Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each) [10 marks]
Choose the correct option.
Q1. Which of the following drugs is an antacid? (a) Aspirin (b) Ranitidine (c) Chloramphenicol (d) Dettol
Q2. Aspirin belongs to which class of drugs? (a) Antibiotic (b) Antiseptic (c) Analgesic (d) Antacid
Q3. The artificial sweetener that is about 550 times sweeter than cane sugar and stable at cooking temperature is: (a) Aspartame (b) Saccharin (c) Sucralose (d) Alitame
Q4. Which of the following is a broad-spectrum antibiotic? (a) Penicillin G (b) Chloramphenicol (c) Bithionol (d) Sulphapyridine
Q5. Soaps are prepared by the alkaline hydrolysis of fats and oils. This reaction is called: (a) Hydrogenation (b) Esterification (c) Saponification (d) Neutralisation
Q6. Sodium stearate () is an example of a/an: (a) Cationic detergent (b) Anionic soap (c) Non-ionic detergent (d) Antioxidant
Q7. Which of the following acts as a food preservative? (a) BHT (b) Sodium benzoate (c) Aspartame (d) Bithionol
Q8. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is an example of a: (a) Anionic detergent (b) Cationic detergent (c) Non-ionic detergent (d) Soap
Q9. BHA and BHT added to food primarily act as: (a) Preservatives (b) Sweeteners (c) Antioxidants (d) Antacids
Q10. A 0.2% solution of phenol is used as an antiseptic, while a 1% solution acts as a: (a) Antibiotic (b) Analgesic (c) Disinfectant (d) Antacid
Section B — Matching (1 mark each) [8 marks]
Q11. Match Column I with Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| (i) Aspartame | (P) Antiseptic |
| (ii) Dettol | (Q) Artificial sweetener |
| (iii) Sodium hydrogencarbonate | (R) Cationic detergent |
| (iv) CTAB | (S) Antacid |
Q12. Match the drug/agent with its function.
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| (i) Penicillin | (P) Reduces acidity in stomach |
| (ii) Paracetamol | (Q) Kills/inhibits micro-organisms |
| (iii) Cimetidine | (R) Antibiotic |
| (iv) Iodine tincture | (S) Analgesic (pain reliever) |
Section C — True / False with Justification (2 marks each) [12 marks]
State True or False. Give a one-line reason. (1 mark T/F + 1 mark justification)
Q13. Antiseptics and disinfectants are chemically the same class of substances but differ in the concentration used.
Q14. Detergents can be used effectively in hard water, whereas soaps form insoluble scum in hard water.
Q15. Saccharin provides energy (calories) to the body when consumed.
Q16. In a soap molecule, the long hydrocarbon chain is hydrophilic and the carboxylate end is hydrophobic.
Q17. Antacids like ranitidine reduce acid by preventing the interaction of histamine with the stomach wall receptors.
Q18. Non-ionic detergents do not contain any ionic group in their molecule.
Answer keyMark scheme & solutions
Section A (1 mark each)
Q1. (b) Ranitidine — it is an H₂-receptor antagonist antacid; the others are analgesic/antibiotic/antiseptic. (1)
Q2. (c) Analgesic — aspirin relieves pain (also antipyretic/anti-inflammatory). (1)
Q3. (c) Sucralose — trichloro derivative of sucrose, ~550× sweeter and heat-stable. Saccharin is ~300–550× but Sucralose is the heat-stable cooking sweetener. (1)
Q4. (b) Chloramphenicol — effective against a wide range of organisms (broad-spectrum). Penicillin G is narrow-spectrum. (1)
Q5. (c) Saponification — alkaline hydrolysis of ester (fat) giving soap + glycerol. (1)
Q6. (b) Anionic soap — the surface-active carboxylate ion is negatively charged. (1)
Q7. (b) Sodium benzoate — prevents microbial spoilage. (1)
Q8. (b) Cationic detergent — quaternary ammonium salt with the active cation. (1)
Q9. (c) Antioxidants — retard oxidation of fats/oils (rancidity). (1)
Q10. (c) Disinfectant — higher concentration phenol is used to disinfect surfaces. (1)
Section B
Q11. (8 → 4 marks) (i)–Q, (ii)–P, (iii)–S, (iv)–R. (1 each) Why: Aspartame = sweetener; Dettol (chloroxylenol) = antiseptic; NaHCO₃ neutralises stomach acid = antacid; CTAB = cationic detergent.
Q12. (4 marks) (i)–R, (ii)–S, (iii)–P, (iv)–Q. (1 each) Why: Penicillin = antibiotic; paracetamol = analgesic; cimetidine reduces acidity; iodine tincture kills microbes.
Section C (2 marks each: 1 T/F + 1 reason)
Q13. True. Both are antimicrobials of the same chemical type; antiseptics are used on living tissue (dilute), disinfectants on non-living surfaces (concentrated). e.g. phenol 0.2% vs 1%. (1+1)
Q14. True. Detergents' Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ salts are soluble, so they lather in hard water; soaps form insoluble Ca/Mg carboxylate scum. (1+1)
Q15. False. Saccharin is not metabolised — it is excreted unchanged and gives no calories; hence useful for diabetics. (1+1)
Q16. False. It is reversed — the long hydrocarbon chain is hydrophobic and the carboxylate (–COO⁻) end is hydrophilic. (1+1)
Q17. True. Ranitidine/cimetidine are H₂-histamine receptor antagonists; they block histamine from triggering acid secretion. (1+1)
Q18. True. Non-ionic detergents (e.g. polyethylene glycol esters) have no charged/ionic groups; cleaning is via H-bonding polar groups. (1+1)
Total: 30 marks
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{"claim":"Section A has 10 one-mark questions totalling 10 marks","code":"secA=10*1; result = secA==10"},
{"claim":"Section B totals 8 marks (4+4 matches)","code":"secB=4+4; result = secB==8"},
{"claim":"Section C: 6 questions x 2 marks = 12 marks","code":"secC=6*2; result = secC==12"},
{"claim":"Overall paper total is 30 marks","code":"total=10+8+12; result = total==30"}
]