Step 1 — Ligands ko alphabetically naam do. Order ligand naam ke pehle letter se hoga, multiplying prefix ko ignore karke.
Step 2 — Multiplying prefixes add karo.
Simple ligands ke liye: di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa.
Jinke naam mein pehle se di/tri hai (ya jo complex hain, jaise ethylenediamine): bis, tris, tetrakis use karo aur ligand naam ko parentheses mein rakho.
Step 3 — Anionic ligand endings "-o" ho jaate hain. (chloride → chlorido, cyanide → cyanido, sulfate → sulfato). Neutral ligands apna naam rakhte hain, except neeche wale special chaar.
Step 4 — Metal ko naam do.
Agar complex ion positive ya neutral hai → metal apna normal naam rakhta hai (cobalt, nickel).
Agar complex ion negative (anion) hai → suffix -ate lagao, aksar Latin root use karke (iron → ferrate, copper → cuprate, lead → plumbate, silver → argentate, tin → stannate, gold → aurate).
Step 5 — Metal ka oxidation state Roman numerals mein parentheses mein, bina space ke: cobalt(III).
Step 6 — Pehle cation phir anion likhao, dono ions ke beech ek space rakh ke.
Bracket ke andar naming ka order? → ligands (alphabetical) → metal → (oxidation state).
bis/tris kab use karte hain? → jab ligand naam mein pehle se di/tri ho ya woh complex ho.
Metal -ate pe kab khatam hota hai? → jab complex ion ek anion ho.
H2O, NH3, CO ka naam ligand ke roop mein? → aqua, ammine, carbonyl.
Recall Feynman: ek 12-saal ke bachche ko samjhao
Socho ek magnet (metal) hai jiske saath chhote toy log (ligands) haath pakde hue hain. Jab hum magnet-with-friends describe karte hain, pehle alphabet order mein doston ko count aur naam karte hain, phir bolte hain kiske haath pakde hain (metal), phir ek chhota number tag lagate hain jo batata hai magnet kitna strong khenchta hai (uska charge). Agar poora group grumpy/negative hai, toh magnet ke naam mein "-ate" lagate hain, jaise nickname banane ke liye "-y" lagaate hain. Jo log circle ke bahar khade hain (counter ions) unka naam alag se lete hain, jaise salt mein cation — positive dost ka naam pehle.
